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Vitamins are designated by alphabets A, B, C, D, etc.They are generally regarded as organic compounds required in the diet in small amounts to perform specific biological functions for normal maintenance of optimum growth and health of the organism.Different vitamins belong to various chemical classes and it is difficult to define them on the basis of structure. All the vitamins are generally available in our diet.However, the bacteria of the gut can produce some of the vitamins required by us.Most of the vitamins cannot be synthesized in our body but plants can synthesize almost all of them, so they are considered as essential food factors.

Vitamins are organic compounds that are required in small amounts in our diet but their deficiency causes specific diseases.

Carbohydrates | Monosaccharides | Polysaccharides.

alkaloids, flavonoids, rubber, essential oils, antibiotics, colored pigments, scents, gums, spices.

However, when one analyses plant, fungal and microbial cells, one would see thousands of compounds other than these called primary metabolites, e.g.

In animal tissues, one notices the presence of all categories of compounds shown in Figure 9.1.

Primary and Secondary Metabolites, Vitamins, Deficiency Diseases, Micronutrients – Vitamins and Minerals, Food Sources of Vitamins and Minerals.Ĭompiled from NCERT Science Textbooks Class 6-12.